![]() ![]() ![]() The aim of the experiment is to compare the blood viscosity levels in different kinds of patients by studying the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_row::options_submit() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_submit(&$form, &$form_state) in /home4/moshika/public_html//sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_row.inc on line 134.strict warning: Declaration of views_plugin_row::options_validate() should be compatible with views_plugin::options_validate(&$form, &$form_state) in /home4/moshika/public_html//sites/all/modules/views/plugins/views_plugin_row.inc on line 134.strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter_term_node_tid::value_validate() should be compatible with views_handler_filter::value_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home4/moshika/public_html//sites/all/modules/views/modules/taxonomy/views_handler_filter_term_node_tid.inc on line 302.strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter_boolean_operator::value_validate() should be compatible with views_handler_filter::value_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home4/moshika/public_html//sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter_boolean_operator.inc on line 159.strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::options_submit() should be compatible with views_handler::options_submit($form, &$form_state) in /home4/moshika/public_html//sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 607.strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_filter::options_validate() should be compatible with views_handler::options_validate($form, &$form_state) in /home4/moshika/public_html//sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_filter.inc on line 607.strict warning: Declaration of views_handler_argument::init() should be compatible with views_handler::init(&$view, $options) in /home4/moshika/public_html//sites/all/modules/views/handlers/views_handler_argument.inc on line 744.strict warning: Non-static method view::load() should not be called statically in /home4/moshika/public_html//sites/all/modules/views/views.module on line 906.Our results are relevant to better characterize SCA, provide useful insights relevant to rheological consequences of blood transfusions, and, more generally, extend to the rheology of mixed suspensions having particles with different rigidities, as well as offering possibilities for developments in the field of soft material composites. ![]() Through numerical simulations, we also highlight that most of the viscosity increase of the suspension is due to the rigidity of the particles rather than their sickled or spherical shape. Although aggregation of RBCs is known to affect blood rheology at low shear rates, and our simulations mimic this effect via an adhesion potential, we show that such adhesion, or aggregation, is unlikely to provide a physical rationalization for the viscosity increase observed in the experiments at moderate shear rates due to rigidified cells. Our results show that there is a rheological signature within blood viscosity to clearly identify the fraction of rigidified cells among healthy deformable cells down to a 5% volume fraction of rigidified cells. We also perform systematic numerical simulations of a similar mixed suspension of soft RBCs, rigid particles, and their hydrodynamic interactions. Here, we report systematic experimental measurements of the viscosity of a suspension varying the fraction of rigid particles within a suspension of healthy cells. However, it is unclear how the rigidity of cells is related to the viscosity of blood, in part because SCA patients are often treated with transfusions of variable amounts of normal RBCs and only a fraction of cells will be stiff. It is known that blood from patients with SCA has a higher viscosity than normal blood. In SCA there is an impaired deformability of some cells, which are much stiffer and with a different shape than healthy cells, and thereby affect regular blood flow. Healthy RBCs are highly deformable objects that under flow can penetrate blood capillaries smaller than their typical size. Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a disease that affects red blood cells (RBCs). ![]()
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